Text Messaging Enhances Language Essay -- Communication AIM Language E

Text Messaging Enhances LanguageMy younger brother sits as his computer everyday after work to talk to his friends through America Online (AOL) Instant Messaging (IM). They use terms like BRB (be right back) and LOL (laugh out loud) that seem a little confusing to the out-dated older sibling. It amazes me that he can carry on a conversation using abbreviations for virtually every word or say. It doesnt compensate bother him anymore that I peek over his shoulder to see what theyre talking about, because he knows its foreign to me and I cant understand it any musical mode. As I go over my younger brother on the computer at night, I realize that our habits of reading and writing are changing through modern computer engine room like instant messenger. The way we write on instant messenger effects the way we work with writing in an educational sense, but at the same time, enhances, or helps develop, a totally new language. Take for example the following text, which is foreign to most of us How hz cyberculture changed d way we go bout writiN & writers? hav our habits of rEDN & writiN bcum fundamNtLlE dfrnt az a result of contemporary cmptr teknoloG? hav technological advances damaged o NhancD d way we wrk w writiN? That can be translated into the questions for our assignment How has cyberculture changed the way we think about writing and writers? Have our habits of reading and writing become fundamentally different as a result of contemporary computer engineering science? Have technological advances damaged or enhanced the way we work with writing? Theres a website http//www.transl8it.com/cgi-win/index.pl that allows a user to type in a phrase and it is translated into computer language by the click of a button. This to... ...ges our writing. In another sense, the IM language could, in time, enhance the evolution of a whole new language. The bread Lingo website has many relevant examples of IM language. Works CitedBirkets, Sven. Into the Electronic Millenium . Tribble and Trubek 62-74. Bolter, Jay David. The New Dialogue. Tribble and Trubek 75-87. Cabagnot, Ruby. Text Messaging Boon or Bane? 12 December 2000. Business universe Online Inc. Website.16 June 2003. http//itmatters.com.ph/features/features_12122000.html. CNN. R ur txt msgs or OK? Thursday, 13 February 2003. Associated Press. Website. 16 June 2003.CNN.com. Landow, George. Twenty Minutes into the Future, or How Are We Moving Beyond the Book? Tribble and Trubek 214-226. Tribble, Evelyn B. and Anne Trubek, eds. Writing Material Readings from Plato to the digital Age. New York Longman, 2003.

Privacy Rights :: essays research papers

Privacy RightsThe privacy of the individual is the most important right. Without privacy, the elective system that we know would not exist. Privacy is one of the fundamental values on which our country was founded. There are exceptions to privacy rights that are created by the engage for defense and security. When our country was founded, privacy was not an issue. The villages then were small and close. Most masses knew their neighbors and what was going on in the community. They did not have drunk drivers, terrorist, or any other threat of changing the way they lived. The transportation that most stack had access to were horses. Today there are autos that can be calamitous if not controlled. Speed limits and licenses are two examples. The government we have in place maintains and organizes our society. The elements of control are often viewed as violations of privacy. These elements are meant to protect us from irresponsible people and from hurting themselves. The laws that ar e in place still give privacy without invading personal lives. Privacy is only violated when people feel they are being violated. Jonathan Franzen writes this example of his feelings about privacy.One of my neighbors in the apartment building across the street spends a lot of time at her mirror examining her pores, and I can see her doing it, just as she can undoubtedly see me sometimes. But our respective privacies remain intact as great as neither of us feels seen.If people feel comfortable in their surroundings then privacy is not a concern. At other times, people feel violated when they are subject to random searches this random factor is what other people consider wrong. People feel intruded on when they see a roadblock ahead or a request to see their drivers license when writing checks. Others are interrupted at dinner by the phone ringing from telemarketers. This selling of information is what the Europeans call data protection. If the data is not kept private, things such a s credit card numbers could be stolen over the phone.The privacy in America will forever be changing as technology changes. Cell phones have been a factor in the way people communicates. Automobiles are equipped with TVs and mobile Internet. Privacy is increased, as people communicate less in person. People can spend an faultless day in the car and have complete communication with others. Franzen also has this view about transportation.

the flea :: essays research papers

WzDDs HSC Info 2Unit Related English John DonneThe FleaMarke notwithstanding this flea, and marke in this, How little that which molar concentration denyst me is Me it suckd first, and now sucks thee, And in this flea our two bloods mingled bee Confesse it, this cannot be said A sinne, or shame, or losse of maidenhead, Yet this enjoyes before it wooe, And pamperd swells with one blood made of two, And this, alas, is more than take would doe.Oh stay, three lives in one flea spare, When we almost, nay more than maryed are. This flea is you and I, and this Our marriage bed, and marriage temple is Though parents grudge, and you, ware met, And cloysterd in these living walls of Jet. Though use make thee tending(p) to kill me, Let not to this, selfe murder added bee, And sacrilege, three sinnes in killing three.Cruell and sodaine, has thou since Purpled thy naile, in blood of innocence? In what could this flea guilty bee, Except in that drop which it suckt from thee? Yet thou triumphs t, and saist that thou Findst not thyself, nor mee the weaker now Tis true, then learne how false, feares bee Just so much honor, when thou yeeldst to mee, Will wast, as this fleas death tooke feel from thee.GlossaryJet - a deep, glossy black stone. This is of course a reference to the colour of a flea, and is especially strong imagery when one compares the dead stone with the "living walls".Sodaine - violent.Overall explanationMy copy of the poem notes that "Fleas were a popular subject for jocosehumorous and amatorylove poetry in all countries at the Renaissance". Their popularity stems from an issuing that happened in a literary salon (a place where poets and others came to recite poetry and converse). The salon was run by two ladies, and on on occassion a flea happened to consume upon one ladys breast. The poets were amazed at the creatures audacity, and were inspired to write poetry about the beast. It soon became fashionable among poets to write poems about fleas.In this poem, the "I" of the poem is untruth in bed with his lover, and trying to get her to give her virginity to him. (It could, of course, quite easily be a FEMALE "I" trying to seduce a MALE, but I will stick with one for convenience). While lying there, he notices a flea, which has obviously bitten them both.

Essay --

Sporadic surveys during the past 25 years (Meketeand Van den Berg, 2003) indicated that several plant- leechlike nematode genera and species were associatedwith various crops in different areas of Ethiopia. Ac-cording to Abebe and Geraert (1995), taxonomic stud-ies of plant-parasitic nematodes in Ethiopia are almostnon-existent. These authors described four known andone new-sprung(prenominal) species. Recently, Mekete et al. (2008) reportedthe forepart of various species of plant-parasitic nema-todes associated with coffee from Ethiopia and gaveshort descriptions and light microscope photos ofScutellonema paralabiatum Siddiqi et Sharma, 1994, andRotylenchus unisexus Sher, 1965. During 2002, an ex-tensive survey was undertaken in Ethiopia. Eightspecies of various nematode genera were found ofwhich short notes are given. Four species, Rotylenchulusborealis, S. brachyurus, S. clathricaudatum and S. mag-niphasmum are new records for Ethiopia. The survey was conducted during the June-Septem-ber 2002 cropping season. Two hundred samples werecollected from different agro-ecological zones through-out the southern, western and southwestern regions ofthe country (Fig. 1). Samples were taken at a depth of25-30 cm with a spade around the roots of the plants.Three to five soil cores were taken at each sampling site,bulked and a sample of approximately 1 kg was taken tothe laboratory for extraction of the nematodes. Nema-todes were extracted from 200 g soil sub-samples bycombining the Cobbs sieving and decanting orderwith a modified Baermanns funnel method (Hooper,1985a). Nematode specimens were then killed... ... with all the previous descriptions of the species(Sher, 1964 Van den Berg and Heyns, 1973).Scutellonema clathricaudatum Whitehead, 1959. Afew specimens of this species were found associatedwith Acacia sp. at Wendo Genet and maize at Shoboka(Jimma). This species was sooner described from cot-ton in Tanzania (Whitehead, 1959) and subsequently re-ported from various other African countries viz.Cameroon, Ivory Coast, Kenya, Mali, Mozambique,Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Su-dan, Uganda and Zare (Whitehead, 1959 Sher, 1964).It has also been identified from Ghana, Guinea-Bissau,Malawi and Zambia by the first author, but this is thefirst report for Ethiopia. Our specimens correspondwell with the original as well as subsequent descriptionsof the species (Whitehead, 1959 Sher, 1964).212

Ethics of the Student and Professor Relationship Essay -- Ethics

When discussing the importance of professional boundaries in mental health work, near people think first of relationships between psychotherapists and clients. However, similar boundary considerations are relevant for professorstudent relationships, supervisorsupervisee relationships, consultantconsultee relationships, and researcherparticipant relationships. Although contrastive dynamics are at play, the relationships psychologists have with each other, with other professionals, and with the general public have boundaries that warrant ethical consideration as well. The American psychological Association (APA) offers some guidance. The APA Ethics Code says, in Standard 7.07 Psychologists do not engage in sexual relationships with students or supervisees who are in their department, agency, or training center or over whom psychologists have or are likely to have evaluative authority (2010). This seems to preclude dating during the semester, and perhaps subsequently if there is a likelihood of an ongoing interaction (Handelsman, 2011). For example, what if a student needs a letter of recommendation for a job and would like the professor they are seeing socially outside of the classroom setting to write it? Although the code is silent regarding social relationships and sharing feelings, we have a little issue of help from other sources of guidance such as institutional guidelines and moral codes some colleges and universities have rules about professors dating students (Handelsman, 2011).It is common for adults working in incorporated or professional settings to be briefed on the law and/or policy on sexual contact and romantic relationships in the workplace (Barbella, 2010). In a school setting, at least at the secondary level... .... Ultimately what guides everything is that the student should respect the professor and the professor should respect the student, stated President Williams that is the way it is in life anyhow (Barbella, 2010).Works Cited Barbella, L. (2010). Sexuality & Culture. An Interdisciplinary Quarterly, Vol 14(1), pp. 44-48.Handelsman, M.M. (2011, May 28). Social and Sexual Scenarios With Students What Would You Do? Professors Dating Students Sensitive, Stupid, or Sleazy? Web Blog Comment. Retrieved from http//www.psychologytoday.com/blog/the-ethical-professor/201105/social-and-sexual-scenarios-students-what-would-you-doKnapp, S.J. (Ed.) Gottlieb, M.C. (Ed.) Handelsman, M.M. (Ed.) VandeCreek, L.D. (Ed.). (2012). APA handbook of ethics in psychology, Vol 1 Moral foundations and common themes. Washington, DC American Psychological Association

Nature is as Man Decrees :: Writing Technology Invention Essays

Nature is as Man DecreesI found this assignment far more difficult than I thought it would be at first glance. While thinking about it on the way home from class, I discarded one idea after another because technology had touched nearly every liaison I would think of. As Dennis Baron, author of From Pencils to Pixels wrote, once we are used to certain technologies we come to think of them as vivid rather than techEven thinking about going to a national park, the truth is that just by setting it aside as a natural state...makes it in essence, not natural because were it not for the decrees of humanity, it would be over run with fast food stores and gas stations. In fact, sadly, writing is in one nose out both creative and destructive to nature. A tree is destroyed for the very paper we write on. The question arose, is there really any such thing as natural in the 21st Century or is that a word that no longer applies in its truest sense. That, of course, led to thoughts on just what i s natural. My unbidden definition of natural is that it is not influenced or hampered or changed by humanity. So in some regards I think my initial conclusion is correct, that at least here in the Midwestern area of United States, finding something in nature that was not influenced in some way by technology or human interference might prove impossible. So the words that would end up being my project ran round and round in my head on the long ride home, Nature is as man decrees, hedged by his technologies.Later on while still pondering exactly what to do in order to create a writing technology, I ended up, most often coming back to...Well, if I was a Native American in this area and I wished to write something...what would I use? We tend to have the idea that the people native to the area didnt use technology and thus could laissez passer suggestions on what is natural. Still, that brings to the forefront, what is technology, because in reality the natives did use technology, if a pencil is considered technology, as Dennis Baron in From Pencils to Pixels asserts it is. He defines technology as a way of engineer materials in order to accomplish an end (37). So in this regard, sewing, tomahawks, and all the other tools we think of as Native American are technologies even if we dont happen them on the same level as a computer.

Joyce’s a Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man Essay

AbstractWriters of the first decades of the twentieth century became fascinated by the inner lives of teeming impressions , and by the psychical activities of meaning making which constitute our private inner lives. The taps of Irish writer James Joyce are distinguished by their keen psychological sharpness and role of various literary techniques most notably stream of consciousness which is an attempt to write in the manner in which thoughts and memory actually work in our minds.This study is an attempt to examine the steam of consciousness as a technique used in Joyces A Portrait of the artificer as a Young Man (1916) which is one of the greatest of modern novels. Joyce arranged his novel in five chapters which trace the protagonists life, Stephen Dedalus, from boyhood to childly manhood.In this study , a careful examination of this technique is carried out through moving from the innocence of childhood to frenzied episodes of adolescent lust and consequently to a calm c ontemplation of women, aesthetic theory independence and art .Introduction Stream of consciousness is a narrative technique in non dramatic fiction intended to render the flow of myriad impressions-visual, auditory, physical, associative, and subliminal-that impinge on the consciousness of an individual and form part of his awareness along with the trend of his sane thoughts.This term was first used by the psychologist William James in The Principles of Psychology (1890). James was formulating a psychological theory where he had discovered that memories, thoughts and feelings exist immaterial the primary consciousness appear to one, not as a chain, but as a stream , a flow .In his introduction on the use of this narrative technique, Robert Hurley shows that It was first used, as a literary term, in the late 19th century. This term is employed to evince subjective as swell up as objective reality. It reveals the characters feelings, thoughts, and actions, often following an ass ociative rather than a logical sequence, without commentary by the author.Widely used in narrative fiction, the technique was perhaps brought to its highest point of development in early twentieth century novels where stream of consciousness plays an important role . Writers such as Dorothy Richardson , James Joyce , Virginia Woolf , and William Faulkner writing during the same period, distributively developed distinctive uses of this technique. . James Joyce, whose talents were so much greater, will be regarded as much more than this.In Chapter Two Stephens Childhood the beginning of the book-describing Stephens experiences as a baby-represents the thoughts of an infant as well as other peoples questionable baby talk to an infantOnce upon a time and a very good time it was there was a moocow coming down along the road and this moocowHis father told him that story his father looked at him through a glass he had a hairy face. (A Portrait, ch. 1, p. 7 )Through the artistic use of t he stream of consciousness , Joyce exposes us directly to Stephens interior world. We are given no clues how to feel or react we have no internal position outside of the narrative_ Stephens environment is just Stephens environment, Stephens thoughts are just Stephens thoughts A development of the single point of view in which reality appears only as it is mirrored in the observations , sensations , and memories of a single character . his treatment of Stephen during this minute stage of his life. With Stephen , Joyce suggests rather than fully records the stream of consciousness as he walks through Dublin, stray thoughts flicker through his mind like fishes, thoughts suggested by any(prenominal) business he is about, by things that catch his eye in the streets , by smells that assail his nostrils and all the time , coming sometimes to consciousness through acquaintance with these sense- impressions. Chapter Four Stephens ManhoodJoyce used St. Francis Feast Day as an entrance t o another stage in Stephens life . It is the stage of manhood or as it will be reflected a rebellion against the Catholic values. At first he enters a state of righteous paralysis and confusion.Having upset(a) one rule , he seems to lose the ability to maintain any kind of moral structure or self- discipline. His deep unrest manifests itself as a general souring of his whole personality. His situation is difficult. He is indulging in the pleasures of the flesh for the first time , but he soon learns that to abandon the moral order in which one was raised is no easy thingHe had sinned mortally not once but many times and he knew that , while he stood in danger of eternal damnation for the first sin alone, by every succeeding sin he multiplied his wrong-doing and his punishment. His days and works and thoughts could make no atonement for him , the fountains of sanctifying grace having ceased to refresh his soul his sin, which had covered him from the sight of God, had led him nea rer to the refuge of sinners. ( Ch.3 , p.98 )ConclusionIn A Portrait of an Artist as a young Man , Joyce followed Stephens life from childhood through adolescence to first flash of manhood victimization one of the most artistic and remarkable techniques ever used in English Novel . As Stephen matures through various family conflicts and periods of study at Jesuitic schools, he begins to rebel against his family, his religion, and his nation. Finally, in order to establish himself as an individual and to find his identity as an artist, he seeks self-imposed exile in capital of FranceWhat particularly sets Portrait apart form other coming of age books is Joyces manipulation of the narrative itself- the language and syntax used at each point in the book reflect the age and intellectual development of Stephen.To link the sections of his novel and the phases of Stephens life Joyce used elaborate patterns of symbols which echo and resound through the text, the use of stream of consci ousness .

Ccot Christianity Outline Essay

WHAP Part B Continuity and Change-Over-Time EssayThis render question deals particular(prenominal)ally with analysis of continuities and win overs over time and covers at least wholeness of the periods in the concept outline. It can underwrite, for example, any of the course themes, such(prenominal) as technology, trade, culture, migrations, or environment. There may also be some internal plectron within the question, so that students are able to choose to hooking their evidence from a case that they know better. The continuity and change-over-time try questions require students to depict their advantage of this historic sentiment skill. Moreover, students are expected to construct an argument that responds directly to the question doing so should cause them to use several of the other historical thinking skills (argumentation, causation, contextualization, and syndissertation). The generic scoring guide for the continuity and change-over-time essay is shown below follow ing that, on the next two pages, are a essay continuity and change over time question, the directions that appear in the AP Exam booklet, and a discussion of What Good Responses Should Include.Change-Over-Time (CCOT) Essay Generic Scoring RubricBASIC CORE (competence) 0-7 Points (Historical skills and acquaintance required to show competence) 1. Has acceptable dissertation 1 Point (Addresses planetary issues and the time period(s) specified) 2. Addresses all parts of the question, though non necessarily evenly or thoroughly 2 Points (Addresses most parts of the question for example, addresses change but not continuity) (1 Point) 3. Substantiates thesis with captivate historical evidence 2 Points (Partially substantiates thesis with appropriate historical evidence)(1 Point) 4. Uses relevant world historical context effectively to explain change over time and/or continuity 1 Point 5. Analyzes the transit of continuity and change over time 1 Point Point Subtotal 7 Poi nts EXPANDED CORE (excellence) (Historical skills and knowledge required to show excellence) 0-2 Points Expands beyond radical core of 1-7 points. A student must earn 7 points in the basic core area before earning points in the expanded core area. Examples Has a clear, analytical, and comprehensive thesis Analyzes all issues of the question (as relevant) global context, chronology, causation, change, continuity, effects, content Addresses all parts of the question evenly Provides ample historical evidence to substantiate thesis Provides links with relevant ideas, events, trends in an innovative way Subtotal /2 Points Total /9 Points CCOT Continuity and Change Over Time EssayNote that the sample continuity and change-over-time essay below is slightly modified from the continuity and change-over-time essay on the 2010 AP World History Exam to make the topic of the question much closely align with the AP World History Curriculum Framework. The time allotted f or this essay is40 minutes, 5 minutes of which should be spent planning and/or outlining the answer.Directions You are to answer the following question. You should spend 5 minutes organizing or outlining your essay.1. Write an essay that Has a relevant thesis and supports that thesis with appropriate historical evidence. Addresses all parts of the question. Uses world historical context to show continuities and changes over time. Analyzes the process of continuity and change over time.2. Analyze continuities and changes in cultural beliefs and coiffures in ONE of the following regions from 1450 to the present. Sub-Saharan Africa Latin America/CaribbeanWhat Good Responses Should IncludeA good response analyzes continuities and changes in cultural beliefs and practices in one of the stipulated regions Sub-Saharan Africa or Latin America/Caribbean. Cultural beliefs and practices is understood very broadly in world history to include religion, philosophy, ideology, science and techn ology, education, the arts, literature, and architecture. Students do not have to address the entire region, but all examples they provide must fall within the stipulated region. Because the central task in this question calls for analysis of continuity and change, acceptable thesis statements need to address both, stating at least one continuity and at least one change. Acceptable thesis statements also need to be explicit, not simply restatements of the question or vague statements such as there were more changes than continuities. They also need to be relevant to the time period, beginning in roughly 1450 and ending sometime in the post World War II twentieth century.A good response provides analysis of valid continuities and changes in cultural beliefs and practices, supported by specific pieces of evidence from the time period, which provide supporting examples of continuity or change. For example, in terms of continuities, students could point to the continuation of the practi ce of indigenous religions in either area and also to the continuation of the revolve of Christianity in either area or of the spread of Islam in Africa the ways inwhich migrants continued their cultures in pertly environments the ways in which culture was used by all types of leaders to support political systems the ways in which language, religion, and brotherly customs provided a sense of identification. In terms of change, for the sixteenth and the seventeenth centuries, students could examine the development of syncretic forms of religion such as vodun or the cult of the saints, or the way in which the Spanish and Portuguese rulers of Latin America used art and architecture to legitimate their power.For the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, they could discuss the spread of Enlightenment thought in Latin America and the consequences of this the impact of new racial ideologies, such as Social Darwinism, in Africa the development of millenarian ideas such as the Xhosa Cattle - Killing Movement the spread of anti-imperial, nationalist, and communist ideology in either area. For the twentieth century, students could examine the spread of the idea of human rights the formation of new cultural identities, such as negritude the ways religion was applied to political issues, such as fundamentalist movements and Liberation Theology the increasing globalization of consumer culture. whatever of these examples would need to be tied into the process of change and continuity, as would any background information that students provide to set up their essays.A good essay moves beyond a mechanistic beginning, middle, and end format and provides solid chronological knowledge across the entire time period. Further, students should think about including dates in their essay to demonstrate that they have the ability to describe with some precision when continuity and change happened. Solid historical analysis explains the reason for or the impact of a specific continuity or a particular change, and a good essay provides specific discussion of cause and impact. For example, the statement Nationalism grew in Africa in the twentieth century is a solid piece of evidence about change, but tying this to a cause or effect would generate this hypernym analysis Nationalism grew in Africa, which led to the overthrow of European empires.An essay that effectively addresses world historical context might describe an extra-regional connection or a global process to explain continuity or change in cultural beliefs or practices. For this essay, students would need to focus on specific global links relative to thequestion, instead of focusing on a similar situation somewhere else in the world. For example, saying that China and Brazil both had Jesuitical missionaries is a comparison, not a connection. Arguing that European Jesuit missionaries were proselytizing in South America and winning converts. This happened in China as well does, however, draw an extra-region al connection because the term European Jesuits provides a specific reference showing how European practices affected South American beliefs.A strong essay would demonstrate greater nuance and sophistication, including the relationship between change and continuity. It might note, for example, that a change in the early part of the long period covered in this question became a continuity for the rest of the period The introduction of Christianity was a change in Latin America/the Caribbean, but then Christianitys figurehead and expansion became a continuity. Similarly, nationalism developed as an ideology beginning in the eighteenth century, but it then became a continuity and has remained so by the present. A specific example of syncretism, such as vodun, could be introduced as a change when it first developed, but the process of the syncretism of different beliefs, ideas, or esthetical forms is a continuity across the entire time period. The best essays will be those that do al l of this, engaging their own content knowledge with the specific framing of the question.

A Mid-Summer Night’s Dream

A Mid-Summer Nights Dream, Opus Op. 61 Wedding March as composed by Felix Mendelssohn. Kind of music as referred or viewed with a referential listener that shows the dramatic end of the twist- roll in the hay stories of the four major actors.Which, after a long tirey, challenging day of winning each real true love to the extent of Helenas following Demetrius just to win his love and, Lysander escaped Hermia from her fathers eye, live happily ever after to a far place away from theirs. To the point when Fairies took charged and kind of messed up the story at first, but later on had perfectly turned it up with a happy ending.The story was so inspiring as salutary as to music (march wedding) being composed and apply as soundtrack for this movie, in the sense that the referential listener felt each character being portrayed. And notwithstanding to all odds, theres still a rainbow after the rain intention and desired of the musicologist to deliver to his listeners was successful. I, f or an instance, was entertained and got associated by his music because I felt the connection, excitement and fulfillment the main personas including others have achieved.They were able to fight for their right to love. The song was played during the marches of the brides through the aisles as they were being waited by their grooms adept the altar (although, this was not really seen in the movie but we all can visualize what was happening every time we hear songs like this). It gave courage, hope, and unceasing love to be bounded forever.The song is arranged for Organ, and is meant to be played for very especial occasions like wedding ceremonies. The kind of instruments also enhances not bad(p) impact to the composition because it made the song more meaningful, inspiring, solemn, touching and unbreakable.Music is an art, and instruments add up its harmony, expressions, to dwell in peoples heart. Right instruments to be used into a certain piece make them (the songs) to be more es pecial and valued by the listeners who analyze and accept the work of every musician. Composer Mendelssohn had made a fine, perfect and soul-breaking to the lovers who want to make a bind for the rest of their lives become true.

A Study On Customer Attitude Towards Online Shopping

AbstractThe technological development with respect to earnings has given a peeled(a) dimension to marketing. On line of work guests atomic number 18 increasing and the virtual marketers realize the importance of customer oriented approach. This online facility benefits the put onrs to actualise in depth information about the point of intersection and to compare and evaluate the products offered by various suppliers. To conduct an empirical investigation a survey was conducted to collect data and was analyzed and interpreted utilise SPSS.A questionnaire was develop establish on the objective of the schooling. The federal agents facilitating online obtain were measured on a five point Likert Scale. It was very unclouded from the study that credential was the main line and the users also mentioned about the absence seizure of physical handling of the products in online obtain. At the same time m whatever users matte that it was very convenient and constitute effecti ve.IntroductionOnline obtain has been growing because of the technological advancement, convenience, discover purchasing capacity and the availability of diverse search engines and easier payment modes. The availability of the quality of the information, various brands and products enable the customers to buzz off a choice from a wider market. Customers come across polar types of risks in online shop and they may not opt for profits marketing.With the advent of the internet , online shopping has gained vast popularity . The ease and convenience of shopping from anywhere in the world without having a physical visit to any shopping mall, has made online shopping or e-shopping an immanent facility for many people.Internet marketing tools such as e-mail marketing, blogs, face book,twitter, MMS, SMS and weather vaneisodes ( webisodes are created to enable the customers to visit the sites repeatedly and thus converting them into brand loyal customers) make it easier for the marke ters to reach to their customers. They also combine the various marketing activities such as advertising, online campaigns and other public relations to create product awareness.In a constantly changing world of today, where past is replaced by dynamic present and the dynamic present is replaced by more challenging future, the old ways of doing things is no longer reasoned thus a new technology brings with it not only the potential for success but also a good design , its value to its users, last use and acceptability. The current situation of shopping is changing due to globalization, technical basiss and market saturation.The intensity of competition emergences due to new products and portions as healthy as the entrance of competitors from other industries. The continuously growing educational standards and the opportunity to gather information induce enormous changes in customer behavior.Consumer attitude towards e-shopping is s a new strategic marketing and the informatio n in stock(predicate) influences customer attitude positively. The advent of web technology constitutes a new medium of mercantilism which puts the customer in a position to directly and quickly interact with the web services.The empirical study will find whether online shopping will gain importance and its use will accelerate at a faster rate in the advance years. Thus the study concludes that the online shopping is more salute effective and little time consuming. The study also confirms that there is a willingness and readiness on the part of the users to go ahead with such technological sophistications or improvements.However in certain respects the users felt online payments system lacks in security and it caters to the needs of the educated mass and felt that it may not be of any use where the physicalhandling of the product becomes important. A few users felt that shopping means a family affair and a few felt that they approve their shopping with friends. In such cases e-shopping may not be too interesting under certain field of marketing. This study covers the key areas related to internet marketing and the customers attitude towards shopping using internet.Literature ReviewThe researcher has made an attempt to present the reviews of available studies which consists of articles and other research papers in the related areas. The study revealed the customers perceptions and characteristics that influences customers attitudes toward online shopping. An earlier study conducted by Ghose (1998) predicted that the internet may be an important channel for marketing. Another study has revealed that the fear of security system in online shopping due to attribute table fraud has been one of the major reasons for customers avoiding online shopping. (Ratnasingham 1998).A study by Palumbo and Herbig (1998) suggested that in coming years internet may offer cost effective and sophisticated tools for online advertising, sales promotion and placing founds a nd communicating with their customers all over the world. The study of Walters and Lancaster (1999) revealed that the internet offers direct links with customers and suppliers and facilitates transactions abutes and information transfer at a faster pace.Jayawardhena and Foley (2000) identified that convenience, site design and financial security are the dominant factors in customers assessment of e-satisfaction. A study by Torre and Moxon ( 2001), reason that many companies incur adopted internet for conducting business transactions and sharing business information with their customers. The study made by Thomas S.H. Teo (2001) revealed the linkage surrounded by the use variables such as age, gender,income, education and internet usage established the relationship of internet usage with respect to surfing , mailing, chatting and messaging.A study by Ranganatham and Ganapathy(2002) revealed that the safety, security and privacy ofwebsites have a great impact on the intention of t he customers do go for online transactions. The most important reason for internet users to avoid online shopping is its security. Keen et al (2002) found that demographic factors such as age, gender, education and income has a significant effect on the attitude of the consumers towards online shopping and also revealed that educated internet users are more comfortable to go for online shopping. Benedict et al 2004 found from their study that the need to touch, feel, smell or ability to try a product influences customers decision whether or not to shop online. One of the main reasons for which customers hesitate to shop online is that online shoppers are unable to touch the real products in order to evaluate the quality.Different types of online depraveers have different evaluations of website design and website reliability but similar perception of website security (Shegill and Chen 2005) . Nearly 70% of web users use internet for sending and receiving emails, surfing, chatting an d messaging . India was ranked fourth after US, China and Japan in terms of internet users by Computer Industry Almanac in 2005. A study by Collier and Bien melodic phrase (2006 ) identified product delivery as an important factor that influences online customers satisfaction and future purchase intention.Online purchase intentions and influences of ain attitudes were similar for males and females. (Yu-Bin Chiu, Chieu-Peng Lin Taiwan and Ling Lang Tang ) Customers showed interest in products like cars, computers, mobiles apparel and also services such as ticketing, health management and touristry management. Approximately 10 percent of the worlds population use online shopping has been shown in Online Consumer Opinion Survey of AC Neilsen. Ebay Pay Pal has been established as pay sources for various online purchase that includes air , rail and movie tickets , electronic items and apparels Taylor Nelson Sofres refers in the Third Annual Global E-commerce report that e-shopping in I ndia includes a variety of products such asbooks, apparels and electronic items.Factors including competitive cost, better customer service and other demographic considerations have helped the marketing industry to soar to greater heights. The development of information technology and the growth of the communication network has opened new horizons in the world of marketing . This has enabled the customer to enter into a new technological development called e-tailing. This e-shopping enables the customer to benefit from the pool of information , product comparison, cost effectiveness and various other offers from its suppliers and thus making a better choice of product.Research MethodologyA pilot study was conducted among fifteen people consisting of neighbors, students and colleagues to evaluate how well the questionnaire was framed and understood.Sampling DesignThe sample has been taken only from the IT industry and the education sector since they have the prior knowledge about int ernet browsing. A sample size of 240 was considered for the study. Respondents were selected by purposive and convenience sampling method for the study. The study uses exploratory research design and analyses the primary data to show customer attitude towards online shoppingThe primary data has been collected through a self administered and structured questionnaire. Questionnaires were given to different age group of people ranging surrounded by the age group of 25 to 50. The questions were framed in view of the main factors like Security, Reliability, Quality and Loyalty. The variables were measured against a five point Likert scale.Following the literature review Questionnaires were developed based on the literature to determine the behavioral pattern while purchasingonline. The questions were designed and presented in two different parts. Part I comprised of the respondents personal background such as age, gender, educational qualification , occupation and income per month. Part II enabled the respondents to furnish the factors that influenced them to buy the product online.The questionnaire was developed based on the observations of the researcher, review of the literature and consultations with the people on the same area of interest. The variables used in the study is also based on the review of the literature and the researches done by other researchers. The research objectives of the studyTo analyze the customer behavior pattern in on line shopping To understand the relevance of online shopping for retail products and services. To understand the views of the respondents about the retail and service industryStatistical AnalyticsData in this study were analyzed using Statistical Package for fond Sciences (Version 19.0) and Amos (Version 19). Factor analysis is used to identify the load variables to the factors such as Security, Reliability, Quality and Loyalty. Further these factors are analyzed to identify the inter relationship among the factor using the path analysis.Data Analysis Frequency table of demographic profiles Table 1 AGE Age GroupMale Female 25 304838 30 353930 35 403217 40 451908 45 500603 Total14496Table -2 EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATION EducationMale Female UG7342 PG4124 PROFESSIONALS2116 RESEARCH ERS0914 TOTAL14496Table -3 HOUSEHOLD INCOME PER MONTH IncomeMale Female Less than 10,0002416 10,001 20,0004237 20,001 30,0004825 30,001 40,0001813 40,001 & above1205 Total14496Table -4 FREQUENCY OF USERS Frequency of usersMale Female Daily3728 Alternate days5134 Once in a week3823 Occasionally1811 TOTAL14496Table -5 ONLINE SHOPPING EXPERIENCE AND SATISFACTION Satisfied with online shoppingMaleFemale Yes10258 No 4238 Total14496From the Tables 1 5 the interest inferences were observed. out of the 240 respondents men accounted for 60% and women accounted for 40% of the total respondents . bulge out of the 240 respondents the age group between 25 30 years represents 36% of the respondents and the age group between 30 35 represents 28% of the totalrespondents Out of 240 respondents, household income per month of Rs 10,001 Rs 20,000 represent 33% of the respondents and income of Rs20,001 30,000 represents 30.4% of the total respondents.Out of 240 respondents holding Post graduate and above degrees represents 52% of the respondents and professional degree holders represent 15% and researcher scholars include 9% of the total respondents. Around 87.5% of the males use online services at least once a week while 88% of the females are online service once a weeks. About 71% males experienced satisfaction in online shopping while 60% females experienced satisfaction in online shopping.Hypothesis testing The following are the findings of the hypothesis testing using chi-square through SPSS. Result 1 There is association between age and online shoppingResult 2 There is association between monthly family income and online shoppingResult 3 There is association between frequency of internet use and onli ne shoppingResult 4 Educational qualification and online shopping are relatedAround 82 % of the respondents felt that internet shopping was available 247 and it could be done from any place. They also expressed the convenience of home delivery at a cheaper price. A few respondents felt t hat it enabled them to engage themselves in other activities while shopping since extensive information was available online in different fields. However around 78% respondents felt t hat the payment gateway is not secure and they were under constant insecurity of their credit card information being hacked.They also said that it lacks the physical touch of the product and thus they were unable to judge the quality of the product. A few respondents felt that the absence of social interaction made online shopping a less interesting way of shopping. A few elders felt thatthey didnt have a credit card to use the internet shopping. One should accept the fact that though e- shopping is slowly increasing i n India it doesnt keep pace with the increase in global marketing.Many Indian customers do not use internet market due to their fear factor and the apprehension about the quality of the goods that they may receive. With increase of the secured payment gateways and the use of SSL ( Secure Socket Layers) which enables a safe transfer of private documents via internet may allow the e-marketing industry to flourish in the coming years.2.3 Factor AnalysisThe following table shows the various variables that were considered in the study. Table 6Q1I trust the brand of the product Q2Novelty and innovation in the product Q3Delivery of the product is shipped to a handle destination Q4My credit or debit card information can be misused Q5Product delivered on time Q6Shipping cost and FOB are clear Q7On line transaction is interrupted due to computer virus transmission Q8Product quality cannot be judged without physical touch Q9Extensive information about the product Q10Payment process is not sa fe Q11After sales services are not well-kept Q12Goods delivered in good condition Q13Online customer satisfaction Q14Product packaging Q15Lack of knowledge about the stock in hand Q16Wider range of product line Q17Duplication of transaction due to network failures Q18Home delivery Q19Price list and discount offer are clear Q20Availability 247Table -7 KMO and Bartletts TestKaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy..837 Bartletts Test of SphericityApprox. Chi-Square3709.515 df190 Sig..000The KMO measure of sampling shows that 84% infers that the sampling procedure is good and this leads to factor analysis.Table 8 Extraction Method Principal voice AnalysisQ210.894964 Q110.883193 Q1010.826436 Q1310.813798 Q1210.807486 Q1410.798794 Q1810.788084 Q1910.766677 Q910.751079 Q1110.74923 Q1610.726154 Q1710.69611 Q810.670899 Q1510.657976 Q510.649796 Q2010.573682 Q410.560741 Q610.478726 Q310.439737 Q710.434629From the scree plot we confirm that the four factors Security (F1), Reliability (F2), Quality (F3), Loyalty (F4) can be formed.Table 9 subdivision 1234 Q11.772 Q8.755 Q12.753 Q5.744 Q17.685 Q10.666 Q4.661 Q7.656 Q15.639 Q3.607 Q6 .830 Q20 .787 Q9 .779 Q16 .582 Q19 .568 Q13 .876 Q18 .814 Q14 .789 Q2 .930 Q1 .924 Table 10Rotated Component Matrix(a)Extraction Method Principal Component Analysis. Rotation Method Varimax with Kaiser Normalization. a Rotation converged in 8 iterations.Table -11 Transformation MatrixComponent1234 1.795.494.342.085 2-.420.404.198.789 3-.097-.450.887-.044 4.427-.625-.241.608 Extraction Method Principal Component Analysis. Rotation Method Varimax with Kaiser Normalization.Path Analysis plat is drawn and from the diagram it indicates that the variables are factored as follws.This diagram shows that in Factor 1 Security the following variables are identified. Q17Duplication of transaction due to network failures Q10Payment process is not safe Q4My credit or debit card information can be misused Q7On line transaction is interrupted due to virus transmission Q15Lack of knowledge about the stock in hand Q3Delivery of the product is shipped to a wrong destination Q11After sales services are not maintained Q8Product quality cannot be judged without physical touch Q12Goods delivered in good condition Q5Product delivered on timeThe following variables are identified by Factor2Q16Wider range of product line Q19Price list and discount offer are clear Q6Shipping cost and FOB are clear Q20Availability 247 Q9Extensive information about the productThe following variables are identified by Factor 3Q13Online customer satisfaction Q14Product packaging Q18Home deliveryThe following variables are identified by Factor 4Q1I trust the brand of the product Q2Novelty and innovation in the productScope for further Research and Suggestion Several types of viral marketing can be studied with relevance to viral marketing for retail products in India. This study is restricted to Chennai and it can be further extended to other metropolitan cit ies as a comparative study for future research.ConclusionThe study revealed that the customer were more willing to use internet for the services rather than the products. Most of them were content with rail booking through online however a few felt that booking air tickets were little more expensive since the travel agents were able to give better competitive ticket fare. The study also revealed that internet is less time consuming and more cost effective. Many were of the opinion that while travelling to new places they were very comfortable to find the details of places, accommodation and food.They were also able to make a better choice by comparison the prices offered and the kind of the service provided. Even though in many hospitals online booking was available many felt that it was easier to call and fix up and appointment rather than doing it thro online. However they felt that many foreigners take up the treatment by using the internet. People were also keen on placing order s for health care products like Amway. Another factor that influenced the buyers was the physical touch of the product.Though there may be a larger range of products to select from, the n on disclosure of all the information about the product may pose a threat to the web users. Moreover the browsing speed, connectivity , power shut down and other technical problem may further crb the growth of internet marketing. The most important factor that prevents the growth of the online marketing is the safety and security .The fear of their debit/credit card being misused and the lack of information posted in their individual web sites post a major threat for the customers. A The online transactions doesnt allow for a social network or a winning family outing and in practice the expectations of the customers is to shop with friends and family and such an expectation may not be fulfilled in online shopping.SuggestionsBrands should monitor the cyberspace for unauthorized use of their brand n ames. The companies should have policies and procedures that enable them to remove the web sites that violate the copyright laws. They should also educate their customers about the risks of buying from unauthorized sources and should have a syndicate to report suspicious goods and sellers.

Solutions Tovfinancial Accounting

2 company Operations Tutorial Solutions Chapter 3 Company operations Review Questions 11. When do dividends become a legal debt of the company? When are they to be recognised as liabilities? Where a company has a paper that provides for directors to declare a dividend, consequently a dividend becomes a debt of the company once the dividend is declared. Where no such statement exists in a companys constitution, then the debt will only arise when the time for payment of the dividend arrives.However, a dividend determined or publicly recommended by the time of completion of the financial report however not on or before the reporting date must not be recognised as a liability as at the reporting date. Instead such a dividend must be disclosed in notes as an event after reporting date. See sections 3. 4. 1 and 3. 4. 2 of the chapter. 14. Discuss the nature of a reserve. What reasons may there be for no definitions being given for a reserve in the legislation, accounting standards and the Conceptual manakin 2010?The term reserve is not be in any accounting standard or the Corporations Act. AASB 101 describes the equity of a company as consisting of issued with child(p) and reserves (para. 54(r)). In addition to retained earnings, the most common type of reserves are general, revaluation and foreign currency translation reserves, all of which give the sack be considered as direct adjustments to equity. There appears to be no clear reason as to why the term reserve is not defined in the legislation, standards, or the Conceptual Framework. Retained earnings is one category of reserves, according to AASB 101. Selected ancestor from Leo, K. , Hoggett, J. , and Sweeting, J. , (2012) Solutions manual to accompany Company Accounting 9e, John Wiley and Sons, Australia. cause Questions QUESTION 3. 1 1. Retained bread/Interim Dividend Cash (Payment of interim dividend) Retained Earnings/ Dividend Declared Dividend Payable (Declaration of a final dividend) Revaluation excess General Reserve (Transfer from revaluation surplus to general reserve) Retained Earnings/ Tfer to ReserveGeneral Reserve (Transfer to general reserve) General Reserve portion out ceiling (Being fillip dividend out of general reserve) Dr Cr 200 000 200 000 2. Dr Cr 420 000 420 000 3. Dr Cr 65 000 65 000 4. Dr Cr 120 000 120 000 5. Dr Cr three hundred 000 ccc 000 QUESTION 3. 10 GERALDTON WAX LTD General journal 2013 Sept 15 Dividend Payable Ordinary Dividend Payable Preference Cash (Payment of ordinary dividend 400 000 x 16c +300 000 x 16c x 3/5 = $92 800 and preference dividend $75 000 x 6%) Dr Dr Cr 92 800 4 500 97 300Selected solution from Leo, K. , Hoggett, J. , Sweeting, J. , and Radford, J. , (2009) Solutions manual to accompany Company Accounting 8e, John Wiley and Sons, Australia. 2 Oct 20 Share peachy Preference Retained Earnings/Redemption Premium (75 000 x 5%) Shareholders Redemption (Redemption of preference shares out of profits) Note dividends do not accru e on the preference shares Retained Earnings/Transfer to Share metropolis Share Capital Ordinary (Retained earnings transferred to capital.NOTE no dividends will be paid on this share capital) Oct 25 Shareholders Redemption Cash (Payment of cash to have preference shares) Nov 30 Cash Share Capital Ordinary A (Renounceable rights issue) 400 000/5 = 80 000 x 1. 90 Dec 20 Share Issue be (Share Capital) Cash (Payment of share issue costs) 2014 Jan 10 Retained Earnings/Transfer to reserve General Reserve (Transfer to general reserve) Feb 28 Cash Share Capital Ordinary C (Issue of shares to options holders) 70 000 x $1. 0 Share Options Share Capital Ord C Lapsed Options Reserve (Transfer of options account, 35 000 exercised and 5 000 lapsed) 70 000/2 = 35 000 x 60c = 21 000 Dr Dr Cr 75 000 3 750 78 750 Dr Cr 75 000 75 000 Dr Cr 78 750 78,750 Dr Cr 152 000 152 000 Dr Cr 3 000 3 000 Dr Cr 35 000 35 000 Dr Cr 126 000 126 000 Dr Cr Cr 24 000 21 000 3 000 Selected solution from Leo, K. , Hoggett, J. , Sweeting, J. , and Radford, J. , (2009) Solutions manual to accompany Company Accounting 8e, John Wiley and Sons, Australia. April 30 chatter Ordinary B Share Capital Ordinary B birdsong of 80c per share on Ordinary B shares) Calls in Advance (20 000 x 80c) Call Ord B (Transfer of calls in advance) May 31 Cash Call Ord B (Cash received on call) (300 000 20 000 15 000) x 80c June 18 Share Capital Ordinary B Call Ordinary B Forfeited Shares Liability (Forfeiture of 15 000 Ordinary B shares) 26 Cash Forfeited Shares Liability Share Capital Ordinary B (Reissue of 15 000 shares paid to $2 for payment of $1. 0) 27 Forfeited Shares Liability Cash (Refund to former shareholders) June 28 Retained Earnings/Dividend Declared Dividend Payable (Dividend declared) Workings from the entries above 400 000 + 300 000 + 80 000 + 70 000 15 000 + 15 000= 850 000 x 20c Dr Cr 240 000 240 000 Dr Cr 16 000 16 000 Dr Cr Dr Cr Cr 212 000 212 000 30 000 12 000 18 000 Dr Dr Cr 27 000 3 000 30 000 Dr Cr 15 000 15 000 Dr Cr clxx 000 170 000 Selected solution from Leo, K. , Hoggett, J. , Sweeting, J. , and Radford, J. , (2009) Solutions manual to accompany Company Accounting 8e, John Wiley and Sons, Australia. 4

Francisco Goya as Representative of Modern Art Essay

The culture of the museum, as well as its patrons, determines the vision of forward-looking contrivance. However, it is hold non simply due to the fact that tit negates or contradicts the aberrant and the other, but also because the preferences and interests of the patrons of the modern art feature been peculiar or peculiar with all the familiar concerns and obsessions of modern artists themselves. This consists of their concern with radical difference, their search for alternative forms of representation and their aspirations to demystify the classicism that inspired and shaped European art (Doyle and Winkiel, 36).In order to at a lower placestand the concerns of modern art through the artists, it is best to look at the life of Franciso Goya and the influences which shaped his brilliant art and masterpieces which gives emphasis to his right to be considered as the representative of Modern Art. In March 30, 1746, a young boy, future artist was born in Fuendetodos, which is con sidered to be a small townsfolk which is located close to Saragossa. The parents of this young boy, who was named Francisco Jose de Goya y Lucientes were Jose Francisco de Paula and Gracia Lucientes.The former was a gilder while the latter was a member of a poor but noble family. thus far if Francisco Goya was only fourteen years old, he already as well ask a four-year apprenticeship under the tutelage of Jose Luzan, who was considered to be an undistinguished who honed his painter skills through rigorous studies in Naples. Francisco Goya was cleave of the competitions which were sponsored by the Real Academia de San Fernando. It took place in Madrid in the year 1770 to 1771, but during that time, he was not that triumphant or victorious.In increment to this, when he participated in a competition which was sponsored by the Academia de Parma, he was only able to receive or obtain an honorable quote. However, this honorable mention cannot be taken for granted because it helped h im receive pious commissions. These commissions were mainly from Saragossa, where Francisco Goya decided to settle by June in the year 1771. Franciso Goyas wife is Madrid Josefa Bayeu, and they got matrimonial in July 25 1773. Madrid Josefa Bayeu is the sister of Franciso Bayeu, who is known to be the leading Spanish artist at the court. Josefa Bayeu was a very big help for Franciso Goyas career.She helped him receive a position at the royal tapestry factory, for which Franciso Goya executed sixty-three cartoons by1792, wherein thirty nine are considered to be created before 1780. Franciso Goya has a war-ridden advantage against other painters because he is able to effectively use vivid colors and intense luminosity in his cartoons. In July 1778, Franciso Goya was able to publish his commencement serious groups of prints. Nine etchings in these prints were after the paintings created by Velasquez which can be found in the royal collection. In May 1780, he was unanimously voted or elected to the Academia in Madrid.His Christ on the Cross (Prado, Madrid), a naturalized neoclassical painting was a great help for Franciso Goya to receive much(prenominal) position. In March 1785, he was chosen to be the deputy director of the Academia (Brown and Mann, 3) Approaching the end of the year in 1792, Francisco Goya suffered a mysterious complaint which disabled him for much of the following year. This mysterious illness also caused him to become permanently deaf and eventually, reevaluate his goals as an artist. Francisco Goyas powerful social comment which is the result of his developed fantasy and invention can be observed in Caprichos.Caprichos is a series of eighty etchings which Franciso Goya offered for sale. Francisco Goyas brilliant use of realistic observation mixed with brutal distortion creates an extraordinary power to the scenes which Goya had drawn from twain the daily life and his own imagination. However, the sardonic criticisms that was received by Franciso Goya regarding his works, oddly those from the existing social order, made him decide to remove them for sale. Between 1797 and 1798, Franciso Goya was able to receive the commission for the frescoes in the hermitage church which is located in San Antonio de la Florida in Madrid.He was able to receive this because of the help of Jovellanos who was the Minister of Grace and Justice, from November 1797 until the August of 1799. Franciso Goya inverted the customary baroque display or arrangement by illustrating the angels under the dome in which he characterized Saint Anthony conducting a miracle. Unlike the works of the other artists, vigorous brushwork and the definitions of the figures primarily in terms of large, flat planes of intense color, unexampled in church decorative schemes were observed in Franciso Goyas works. (Brown and Mann, 4)In 1819, Francisco Goya suffered a relapse of his illness. He again endured this illness which nearly cost him his life. This trau matic experience of Francisco Goya can be observed or is most likely reflected in the fourteen Black Paintings which he created in Prado, Madrid, in the year 1820 or 1823. Using oil as a medium, he painted directly on the walls of two rooms in the country house on the periphery of Madrid, generally known as Quinto del Sordo which is translated as the house of the deaf man. It was named after him, the deaf man, because he had purchased it in February 1819.His rough handling of paint and expressionistic distortions intensify or gave emphasis the violence of his works, in particular in the image of Saturn Devouring His Son. Several attempts make believe been made just to interpret Franciso Goyas works, but these highly personal paintings challenged and disregarded every rational explanation (Brown and Mann, 5). Designing tapestries during the time of Francisco Goya was not a highly regarded task. In addition to this, it is not even well paid. However, designing tapestries offered F rancisco Goya a chance or the break to start in the big city.The commissions that he received from designing tapestries came directly from the Court. after five years, Franciso Goya presented his designs to the King and the Crown Prince and Princesses in person. In this manner, he had the privilege of kissing their majesties hands, which is definitely one good indication or sign for a man who is eager to rise to the top (Hagen, 7). The prince, Charles IV, was particularly mesmerized with the hunted, broadly with themes of the hunting. As a result, Francisco Goya mainly de write hunting scenes. When the heir to the throne took maria Luisa of Parma as his wife, Francisco Goyas art was changed.Maria Luisa wanted her tapestries to show the popular diversions, or scenes which show ordinary people enjoying pleasurable pursuits, which the temperamental Italian princess was not allowed to indulge at the strict Spanish court. Charles IVs wife yearned to surround herself with light-hearted s cenes which depicts everyday life also influenced the trend which is being acted out in the theaters of Madrid between the acts of classical dramas, the public would be entertained with comic scenes from the daily lives of the lower classes (Hagen, 7).Not like the religious or pious themes of Franciso Goyas Saragossa work and the hunting scenes which he created for the Crown Prince, the work of art which he created for the Maria Luisa now provided Francisco Goya the motivation. It also gave Francisco Goya the chance to illustrate how people behaved and how they treated each(prenominal) other, as well as the opportunity to show his representation of these things in his own perspective. Moreover, it can be said that he expounds these themes humorously and light-heartedly, which he would later on present in a completely different light.From this early stage or phase stems the self-portrait of Francisco Goya, in which he is looking neither skeptical nor gloomy. It is not actually a se lf-portrait of Francisco Goya, but the broad, flat face with high cheek-bones, undoubtedly shows that it is him. Unmistakably at a novillada, Francisco Goya can be observed to be standing(a) with a number of other young men situated near a bull. Novillada means a bloodless fight with a young bull. Goya himself testified to have engaged in such risk-laden chase or recreation, though speculations that it is just a rumor he spread himself are present.Considering the fact that bullfighting fascinated him right up to the end of his life, it would look that it is not out of his character. A strong indication or support for this would be the time when he signed one of his letters using the title Franciso de los Toros, which is considered or translated as Francisco of the bulls (Hagen, 10). Francisco Goya, however, was not only familiar with the bulls but also the majos and the genus Maias or the men and women from the lower accommodate of Madrid.These majos or majas unlike the other resi dents of Madrid, have a particular style of work and conduct. The typical majo is said to be proud, easily offended and quick to pull back a knife. In addition to this, he is relished with eye-catching costume and, as far as he could help it, the majos never worked. This unwillingness to perform any type of work at all known to be widespread among Spanish men in the 18th century, dated back to the time when capital of Ohio discovered America. The new colonies sent their gold back to the king.The king in return, gave it to his favorites and his far too many officials and officers. Although this Golden Age was long gone, the pretension to faineance and redundancy had remained, even among those classes who had never directly profited from the kings gold (Hagen, 10). The female pendant to the majo was the maja. The maja is considered to be a woman with passionate magnetic inclination who took a delight in being provocative. In his representations or interpretations of majas, Francis co Goya challenges the concerns and issues of class and race.He also emphasizes the power of the gaze itself. Based on the writings of the cut Ambassador of Spain in 1788, according to the accounts of J. E. de Bourgoing, the majas are indeed considered as the lower class but, for the bewitched majo, the maja was the most seducing priestess that ever presided at the altars of Venus (Mahon, 42). The demarcation line of the real majas would be the majism. Majism is the sub-cultural style of life and the way of dress, considered to be a significant aspect during the revolutionary call for democracy in the nineteenth century.Francisco Goyas The Naked Maja (1798-1805) as well as her counterpart, The Clothed Maja (1800-1803), represents the power of the majism during their times. For the Naked Maja and the Clothed Maja, they boldly or barefacedly face the poter. The majas posed heir hands in order to maximize the erotic effect which they inflict on their viewers. The majas fashionably coquettish shoes, shimmering dress and lace bolero in the Clothed Maja appears all the more tantalizing or enticing as compared to her bare flesh which can be observed in the Naked Maja. She is not, however, idealized or innocent due to her charms.Rather, she is a daringly erotic portrait or representation in an era when nudes are considered to be illegal or banned in Spain because of the influences of the all-powerful Church on erotic fashion or masterpieces. The erotic messages conveyed by fashion involve the interplay of their whole body and the perspective of both sexes. More particularly, it can be said that they are most acutely focused in the proportions of the female torso. It is the most considerable field of fashionable alteration and at the same time the one where the shape of fashion most willingly comes into view to wear the genuine look of nature.The placement, the depth and width of the pelvis, the relative girth and length of the rib cage, size and shape of the brea sts, the set of the neck and shoulders, and the exact disposition of its fleshy upholstery, front and back, all these, along with the styles of posture both seated and upright, are continuously shifting visually, according to the way clothes have been diversely considered in history to help the female body give the impression of being more beautiful and natural on their terms.Nude art, inescapably sacred or devoted to Eros, recognizes those terms. Francisco Goyas Naked Maja and Clothed Maja in Prado, Madrid are generally recognized as erotic. They are considered as such not just because of the shadowy suggestion of pubic hair. One of the most significant characteristics of the naked majas body is that it gives the impression of wake the effects of corseting without the corset, which on the other hand, is very positively present in the clothed maja.The high, widely separated breasts and rigid spine of the recumbent naked maja are as erotic as her pubic fuzz or sexy smile. Her brea sts certainly disobey the law of gravity and her legs, comfortable or attached to emerging through the light-weight and to a certain extent, narrow skirts of the day, are self-consciously disposed for effect, comparable to that of a twentieth-century woman. It is the definite effect of her missing fashionable dress or costume that makes her a purposely or deliberately a sexual image (Hollander, 91).In this way, Francisco Goyas majas can be observed indoors the context of his 1796-1797 Caprichos. The term capricho was coined after the Italian word capriccio, which means a caprice or jeu desprit outside the usual rules. In the year 1790s, capricho was referred particularly to the arts and to the power of imaginative and creative initiative and resourcefulness rather than observance of the traditions, norms or custom. Locally, the term was also utilized to illustrate or correspond the moral points created in Spanish comedies.Francisco Goya, being a a keen theatre-goer, it is this un derstanding of the term that critics often use when reading his art. The paintings of the majas are part of this capricho sum too, as they refer to the personal and the political. Goya create distortions in his patron, the Duchess of Alba and her courtly lifestyle wherein the Duchess was rumored or thought to be the model of the Naked Maja, due to the speculation that both have rich black hair.On the other hand, Francisco Goyas Caprichos illustrate his faith in the power of fantasy not merely to lead art into a brave new world but to help depict and represent the hidden desires and fears of a politically corrupt society, and so to enlighten it too (Mahon, 43). Francisco Goya has been renowned as one of the greatest artists of all times and as an essential and a pivotal figure in the expansion and maturity of modern art. Francisco Goyas utilization and management of the textual qualities of paint and the expressive and emotional intensity of much of his imagery to a great extent inf luenced later painters.Impressionists, romantics, symbolists, realists, and surrealists have all considered him as their spiritual ancestor. Francisco Goyas oeuvre, which has been considered or contemplated to be consisted of 688 (Gassier and Wilson) to772 (Gudiol) paintings, is as diverse as it is large (Brown and Mann, 5). Francisco Goya also represents additional feminine sensitiveness and it is imbued or drenched with temperament. This is the quality of Francisco Goyas impressionism which makes it modern (Caffin, 203).Francisco Goya as an artist is perceived and understood as being critical or even disapproving of conventional portraiture, which is considered as socially elevating, consistentand in large measure, banal. This analysis of the recipes of portraiture is frequently construed as an analysis of class-based society itself. Tradition in portraiture is not at all monolithic, if one considers the work of Francisco Goya where the communicative and expressive range inside th e genre is adequately or sufficiently grand to act as designer or example for almost any modern portrait (Brettell, 169).Works Cited Brettell, Richard R. Modern Art, 1851-1929 Capitalism and Representation. New York Oxford University Press, 1999. Brown, Jonathan, and Richard Mann. Spanish Paintings of the Fifteenth through Nineteenth Centuries. ground forces National Gallery of Art, 1990. Caffin, Charles Henry. The Story of Spanish Painting. Michigan University of Michigan, 1910. Doyle, Laura, and Laura A. Winkiel. Geomodernisms Race, Modernism, Modernity. USA Indiana University Press, 2005.

What Is the Origin of Law

Whats the origin of law? God the creator Religion European Colonization- the process of where other countries go to other countries to make them there on. 13 colonies 1. South Carolina 2. tabun 3. Virginia 4. papa 5. New York 6. New Jersey 7. New Hampshire 8. Massachusetts 9. Maryland 10. Connecticut 11. Delaw ar 12. North Carolina 13. Rhode Island Cause and burden of the American mutation The American Revolution was caused by events that affected both the patriots of America and the loyalists of Britain.Before the American Revolution led to the independence of the 13 colonies of America in the latter half of the 18th century, sm all upheavals in individual states were seen throughout the coun turn up. Among these were the French and Indian contend. This war spanned nine years, but it was known in England as the Seven Years war. It was a clear picture of how the Frenchmen and the Englishmen both wanted supreme power everyplace the lands of America and wanted to become masters of the trade that each represented.France lost the war, and England imposed the Stamp issue on all written documents in America to be able to pay debts incurred during the war. They put taxes on virtually everything, including paper, tea, glass and paint. These tax issues then led to the American Revolution ten years later. afterward the Declaration of Independence, the 13 colonies were formed what is now known as the United States of America. The 13 colonies were divided into trine New England colonies, middle colonies and southern colonies. These tates had ultimately determined that the British rule would never a crystalize gain their allegiance, thus severing any ties to the English crown. The United States of America won/drew the Revolutionary War with the help of France, Spain, Dutch Republic and the British (Yes the British also helped the US). Americas 1st Army was set up during the Revolutionary War, it was set up trained and led by British troops who had turned on their own country. Also the Revolutionary War Officially ended with the signing of the Treaty of Paris.British people held muss protests in Britain and demanded their King sign the Treaty Of Paris end the War and Bring their troops rear end home and give America back their independence, the King signed it and officially ended the war. Many Historians global have different opinions on if the Revolutionary War was a reach or a describe because of the British King officially ending the war by signing the treaty and the fact that the War was technically Brits VS Brits anyway.Also the British were fighting 3 other more fundamental Wars in other part of the world at the same time as the Revolutionary War, even though they were outnumbered in all 4 Wars they still went on to win those 3 other Wars, the Revolutionary War was the least important as America was a young country with not much for the British Empire to gain, the 3 other wars they were fighting in other parts of the world had a lot to lose and a lot to gain, the troops that were fighting in America were needed elsewhere. Revolutionary War There were several(prenominal) reasons that enabled the Americans to win the Revolutionary War.The main reasons are the alliance with France and the second Warfare of Marions Brigade and the attack of British supply bases. The alliance with the France supplied the colonists with weapons, fleets and soldiers greatly. The Patriots soldiers were low- experienced and the Continental Navy were newborn army who didnt have enough fleets to represent themselves (The British ships were massive and large in numbers). Only with the support of the French, were able to put up a fight against Britain. Marions Brigade were a group of Patriots who used the Guerrilla Warfare strategy to fight against the British.The Guerrilla Warfare is still currently used in wars and it is a series of swift, hit & run attacks. In the Naval War, the Patriots, rather than attacking the main forces of th e British ships, attacked the supply ships and bases in the Bahamas. That caused the British navy to confirm greatly and delay their attacks. These are the main reasons why and how the colonists of the American Revolutionary War were able to win the war. Motivation Patriots fought for their lives, their property, and their political ideals. Popular Support Many civilians actively supported the Revolution.Patriots used many techniques to devil popular support. Leadership Rebellion broke out across the continent. American generals learned from their mistakes. Washington exalt loyalty and patriotism in his troops. Foreign allies France supplied money and troops. France and Spain weakened British forces by expanding the war. The Dutch helped carry French military supplies to the Americans with communication and supplies. Americans fought close to home the militia made sure that the British could not live off the land. Troop strength, although Americans had fewer troops, Local militia helped swell American forces.Altogether, 250,000 may have fought for the Patriot cause. Article of confederation- the first document of congress. Meaning of this article is the loose collection of states. Georgia delegates 1. Abraham Baldwin 2. Archibald Bulloch 3. William Few 4. William Gibbons 5. Lyman Hall 6. John Houstoun 7. William Houstoun 8. Noble Wimberly Jones Common law Three branches of government Legislative- congress makes law. executive director president enforces the law. juridic Supreme Court arbiter Legislative- two branches senate and house of representative Executive- 1 presidentJudicial- 9 members- scotus Concentrated power is dangerous. Meaning 1 person with power can go mad with power. workweek 2 Notes Sources of law 1. statutory law- legislative body made by congress consistent of national and state 2. common law- laws handed down from old laws from Europe handed down by custom 3. constitutional law- made from the constitution 4. model penal code- A. L. I a group that came up with regulations they try to write ways law are written by changing it with a recommendation Judicial branch we as the United States have to dual court system. State and federal.Federal-congress State- Georgia general convocation or whatever state you are in. Trials Courts Trial court level is where all court cases start. both(prenominal) sides are heard in this process. Trial is made into three parts opening statements, presentation of evidence, and apogee arguments. District court (Federal) 94 district courts 89 in the continental 5 other areas that are United States 13 court of appeals 11 are listed other 2 are not on the appeal map which is dc circuit and federal court of appeals You can only appeal on law not fact Supreme Court Is the highest court in the land.Located in Washington D. C and is the only court in the constitution They get over 10,000 case, they usually see 70 to blow They start hearing case on the first Monday of October and last to Ap ril 9 Members 1. John Roberts- Chief Justice President- G. W. Bush 2. Clarence Thomas- president G. H. W. Bush 3. Ruth Bader Ginsberg president- W. J. Clinton 4. Stephen Breyer President- W. J. Clinton 5. Antonin Scalia President- Donald W. Reagan 6. Anthony Kennedy- Donald W. Reagan 7. Sona Soto Mayor- B. H. Obama 8. Samuel Alito- G. W. Bush 9. Elena Kagan- Obama

Igneous rocks: Diorite Essay

Diorite is an igneous rock formed from the partial thawing of the cheek caused from by basaltic magma from the mantle. It is associated with batholiths, dikes and stocks usually around volcanic arcs. Its volcanic equivalent is andesite which is formed from strombolian face volcanoes.DISCUSSIONPhysical propertiesDiorite is a phaneritic rock that is speckled black and white/grey with a very(prenominal) variable colour index of between 40 and 90 over short distances. The rock has an equigranular or porphyritic texture and has a generally coarse grain size but can be pegmatitic. Phenocrysts of feldspar and horneblende can be found in the porphyritic variety. The equigranular and porphyritic varieties may vary in texture between each other within a few centimetres. A foliated behavior can develop from the roughly parallel alignment of the minerals.The rock has an intermediate composition between plagioclase feldspar (oligoclase or andesine) and amphibole (usually hornblende) with va rious other minor minerals like pyroxene, biotite. Quartz and alkali feldspar may also be present. When the amount of watch glass increases, the rock is named quartz diorite. The rock grades into granodiorite as the amount of quartz and alkali feldspar increases.Alkali feldspar increase. Some common accessory minerals are apatite, titanite and various put right oxides.Xenoliths from the partially melted margins of the magma chamber are common.OriginDiorite usually forms along with granite in continental crust abovesubduction zones.

Embarrassing Moment Essay

AdvantagesAt first-year when I took first assistance educational activity from a local hospital, I had no idea how much helpful is this training in providing help to others. It gives you a sense of self-satisfaction when you help someone in acute emergency. But at the time of training, I didnt realize about the importance and advantages of first aid box provided after some time when I got a first aid box to keep at my home and equipped the same with all necessary items, I have a piece of assessment to cope any type of emergency in my home or even if it happens with anyone in neighbour hood.If you are a person who also likes to help others, even if not others, just to provide interposition to your loved ones, you must maintain a first aid box at your home. But in the first place you maintain a first aid box at your home, consider taking part in a first aid training course because it will train you in using dissimilar surgical instruments and medical devices properly. Usually, after you get first aid training from any hospital or organization such as Red Cross, your trainer also provides you a check-list for your first aid box. The check-list usually includes following items* Antiseptic Wash* Gauze squares & Gauze rolls* Cotton balls & Cotton swabs* Neospirin or other multiply antibiotic ointment or cream* Medical tape, hot/cold pack, small scissors* Bee cohere kit, thermometer* Selection of bandagesThere are many other extra items which you may keep in your first aid box such as sterile water, self-adhesive tape, nail clippers, trauma shears, surgical sutura, surgical suture essentialle, vicryl mesh, Ethicon sutures, steroid cream and sunburn treatment (aloe products) etc. Some of these items need more specific training to use them properly such trauma shears are used to cut leather jackets, cornerstone belts and denim etc. Like wise to use surgical instruments such as surgical suture and surgical suture needle, you also need specific training to coming binding care of large wounds or cuts. You can also make two first aid kits, one for your home and other for your. necessitate a small kit with you when you travel or you can name your travel kit as a mini kit. To get all these necessary items for your first aid box, you can search over the internet to find many reliable resources where you may get discounts if you order for all medical supplies at one place.The contents and equipment of the first-aid kits are not otherwise specified. Therefore, the following items are to be included in each first-aid kit and be available at every pool or spa1. 1 first off Aid Book2. 1 Box Plastic Adhesive Bandages 1 x 3 16/Box3. 1 Tweezers4. 1 Scissors5. 1 Spool Tape 1/2 x 5 yards6. 2 Compress Bandage 3 x 37. 1 angular Bandage 408. 1 Small Ice Pack9. 1 Box Fingertip Bandage 10/Box10. 1 Box Cloth Knuckle Bandage11. 1 Eye Dressing12. 1 Box Telfa Pads 1 1/2 x 2 12/Box13. 1 pealing Gauze14. 3 Packages Clean Wipes15. 1 Compact CPR Shield16. 1 Latex Gloves, equal17. 2 Emergency BlanketsMoralAs well as the moral duty of employers to protect employees and members of the public,General wellness and safety device Legislation covers all employers and workplaces. The Management of Health and preventive at Work Regulations 1999 These regulations place an certificate of indebtedness on employers to assess risks and where necessary, take action to eliminate or control the risks. The Health and Safety (First-Aid) Regulations 1981These regulations farming that, in order to provide First Aid to their employees who become injured or ill at work, employers must have adequate and appropriate equipment, facilities and personnel. Regulations apply to all workplaces, including those with less than five employees. Self-employed workers need to ensure they have adequate facilities to provide First Aid to themselves. If the self-employed person works with others on mixed premises, then joint arrangements should be made with other occupiers. It could be that one employer will take responsibility for the provision of First Aid cover for all workers on the premises. back to top come along discipline on First Aid at Work* Email your query now* offer our Adviceline on 0800 019 2211First Aid at Work (external site)This site from the Health and Safety Executive provides information on all aspects of first aid at work for employers and employees across all industry sectors. submit resources from Healthy Working LivesLinks below are to publications pages giving options to download these resources* Risk Assessment stage* Risk Assessment Form Worked ExampleFree First Aid guidance from the Health and Safety Executive Note all links are to external pages on the HSE website giving options to download or order these resources * First Aid at Work Your questions answered INDG214 (external site) Priced First Aid guidance from the Health and Safety Executive Note all links are to external pages on th e HSE website giving options to order these resources * introductory Advice on First Aid at Work (external site)* Electric Shock First Aid Procedures (external site)* First Aid at Work The Health and safety (First Aid) Regulations 1981 Approved Code of Practice and Guidance L74 (external site) back to top

Four Challenges of Sustainability

Four Challenges of Sustainability by David W. Orr confronts the problems of sustainability and proposes a path to get there. The concept of sustainability is the primary topic and goal in regards to the future tense of humans. The complete idea that humans and civilization as we know it may cease to exist, is a relatively wise idea. This very real idea has spawned acknowledgement and pursuit of avoiding it through sustainability. Militarization, the change magnitude number of incredibly poor, and the increasing amount of frivolous consumption are some of the many current practices that simply cannot be sustained. study industrial industries like agriculture, energy production, and health care have begun to exhibit diminishing returns. The move to sustainability requires major(ip) changes and improvements in government, specifically democratic governments and the relationship between them and their citizens. Fair distribution of wealth, cradle to cradle somatic policy, and buildi ng ecologically sound cities are only possible through ethical governments that have their citizens best interests at heart.Orr more succinctly puts this as, Sustainability, in short, constitutes a series of public choices that require effective institutions of governance and a well-informed democratically engaged citizenry. Education and curriculums moldiness be improved to overwhelm ideas that are essential to sustainability. These ideas should promote more windmills, more farmers markets, and more small businesses. Orr feels that the public must be educated about sustainability and then taught how to implement it.It is then their responsibility to pass this knowledge on to future generations. The transition to sustainability requires more than education and critical problem solving skills. In the quest for sustainability, Orr says we need a higher level of spiritual awareness and references Schumacher in saying that we require, wisdom, love, compassion, understanding, and empa thy. These spiritual tools will enable us to stop the self destructive behaviors that we continually perpetuate. If not for any other reason than preserving humanity we must stop killing the planet.

Drawing on What You Have Learned About City Road from the Making Social Lives Dvd and Learning Companion 1, Describe Some of the Ways in Which Order Is Made and Repaired on the Street Which You Know

Drawing on what you wear learned about City Road from the Making Social Lives DVD and Learning Companion 1, withdraw round of the ways in which drift is made and repaired on the highroad which you k at one time. The purpose of this assignment is to oppose and contrast the well-disposed drift of City Road with a local road to demonstrate how order is made and is continually repaired over time. Abington path, has interchanged considerably over the past 50 years, from a quiet route of individually owned shops such as, Halford Jewellers, Benefit footwear, and only one a big convenience hold on.Today, you bequeath find fewer individually owned and many more big name high street shops, such as Primark and Tesco Express. Firstly, I will compare Abington roadway, and how it has changed to City Road. Abington Street holdd to be the master(prenominal) thoroughfare to the town centre, with a tram running down the centre of the street creating in patent order, nowadays the stree t remains invisibly ordered but is used differently as it is now completely pedestrianised. It is both a daytime shopping zone and a night time neighborly space.Meanwhile City Road has changed from a simple country road to a busy town with road, however similarities still exist with Abington Street as both are now shopping and social spaces, as City Roads 1960s car showrooms, have been replaced by shops, cafes, takeaways and restaurants designed for a massive range of people. With the changes in use, have coif the changes in visible order, Abington Streets use changes throughout the day, in a very similar way to City Road.Shopping is the daytime occupation, with people eating and drinking in the cafes, visible order is demonstrated by adherence to the societys rules as people queue in orderly fashion to purchase goods. Disruption of social order occasionally happens when for example, shoplifting occurs, however this is deterred by CCTV keeping invisible order and is repaired by the presence of security guards preventing further incidents. Social order is defend at night in Abington Street as well as in City Road, at night the shops close, as the takeaways, pubs and clubs open. Young people then use Abington Street for entertainment rather than for shopping.Although, Abington Street brings in different types of people during the different times of day, different shops and venues are aimed at certain groups of people. The junior generation use fast food takeaways or go to socialise at the pubs at night, whilst in the DVD Jose Romas Surez, from Taste bud cafe talks about how mostly elderly customers regularly come back to his cafe during the day, because they feel secure in there this could be to do with the types of people victimisation the streets during a day the elderly or school children (Making Social Lives on City Road DVD, 2009, stage setting 3).Most invisible social order at night in Abington Street is maintained by the use of CCTV, whilst visib le night time order is maintained by the presence of club bouncers, the police and local community entertain officers. Young people may see the presence of the police and community support workers as a deterrent to them having fun, whilst the shopkeepers rely on the police to maintain social order and nurse their property from drunken or accidental bad behaviour.Social order is also affected by the influx of big business concern this is demonstrated in the DVD, which shows how the arrival of Tesco Express to City Road results in the pulley-block of smaller businesses. There are inequalities between local shops and the big named supermarkets on both streets. On Abington Street there are two very dominant stores, Tesco Express again as well as Marks and Spencers. Both of these shops have a large variety of products on offer at combative prices these stores also have a wider range of goods for the convenience of the customers.In City Road, like in Abington Street, the smaller busi ness owner reports adverse affects, an example of this is Colin Butwell (the newsagent),he described how he had been affected, saying that Tesco moving in close to his store has resulted in a reduction in trade. On the positive side the opening of well know chains sack up have a positive effect on remaking society, and social ordering, as it arouse bring about more jobs, and encourage people to use the area more resulting in other places such as cafes, restaurants being busier.As Georgina Blakely point out some people gain from the reshaping and some people lose (Making Social Lives, 2009, Scene 5). In conclusion, social order will always inquire to adapt, change and be continually restructured, and repaired to meet societys requirements. The effects of a single change can have a massive impact on a street and the people that it involves. This can be seen in the effect that pedestrianisation had on Abington Streets main uses, it is also clear to see that the slightest change can have a massive impact on the social ordering of the area. This can be use to any street in the world. 814 WORDSBibliography, * Blakeley, G. , Bromley, S. ,Clarke, J. , Raghuram, P. , Silva, E. and Taylor, S. (2009) Learning Companion 1,Introducing the social sciences, Milton Keynes, The pay University. * The street (2009)Making Social LivesDVD, Milton Keynes, The Open University. * What have you enjoyed about starting this module? I have enjoyed getting back into studying again, after(prenominal) leaving college. Im definitely looking forward to the rest of this course. What have you found toilsome? Time management is my main difficulty, juggling working and writing an assignment but Im sure I will find this easier as time goes on.

Choose from the book Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Choose from the book - Essay ExampleThe two writers are Steven Schier and Theda skocpol. check to (Schier 124) the reason for governmental indifference and hence the low voter turn break through is due to activating the Statesn citizens into political rather than mobilisation as it was previously done. This has led to emergence of progressive movements that have re lined the top executive that political parties had. These progressive movements are very selective and do not activate all American citizens politically, what they do is select a small group based on their political interest and focussing on them. This excludes a large number of American voters from the electoral and political process and therefore nearly of them have lost interest in being part of elections hence the low voter turnout. gibe to (Schier 134-150) the earlier 1970s political parties gained influence by mobilising the support of all American voters. This was through carrying out extensive campaigns to ap peal to the American people, mass live broadcasting. This method of political mobilisation was extremely good as it included all Americans and was in no way selective or choosy. This built a sense of belonging among almost American citizens and encouraged them to take part in their electoral process. This explains the proud voter turnout then. This is no longer the situation the new era is much focused on lobbying interest groups such high earning American citizens, well educated American citizens and those with high incomes. This has isolated most American citizens who do not fall under this category and most no longer vote. In order to resolve this prevailing situation there is need to restore power back to the political parties as it was in the early 1970s preferably of living the whole political process in the hands of interest and lobbying groups (Skier 140-150) This get out put control of the election process back to political parties who instead of activation should res ort to once again mobilising the entire American population. This will invite the isolated American population to get involved in the electoral and political system. Although this is a difficult task to achieve, it will completely change the political environment and without a doubt increase voter turnout. I add with some of Schiers sentiments as to why there is poor voter turnout in America this is because there is indeed a power shift in American politics as more control is held by the interest groups other than the political parties especially in the election process. I also agree with his commendations to improve the prevailing situation by bringing back mobilisation in place of activation as a political tactic during the election period. I however disagree with Schier when he says that Americans have been isolated from the election process in terms of education level and the level of income. This is because a more than before the election process is fully covered in the media and even social networks. We cannot rationally argue that any American is un aware about the elections due to isolation and give that as a reason for low voter turnout. This is because as much as most Americans may not be involved firsthand in the elections a majority if not all Americans are very aware of the political situation and most times choosing to participate in voting has nothing to do with whether they were mobilised or not. I find Theda Skocpols arguments in his book Diminished democracy From membership to management in American